Hysteria in the salem witch trials

The Salem Witch Trials were the first full-on hunt for witches. This resulted in mass hysteria in the community. The Puritans led strict religious lives that as a result led them to suppress the people who broke their codes.

Abigail is a mean and vindictive person who always wants her way, no matter who she hurts. Ann Pudeator Age: 70s Ann Pudeator was a widow who lived in Salem town where she also worked as a nurse and midwife. She had a reputation for being sharp-tongued and often quarreled with locals.

Pudeator was accused of witchcraft in May of by Sarah Churchill and several other afflicted girls of Salem Village. Some of her medical supplies, such as foot ointments, were confiscated and introduced to the court as objects of the occult. During her trial, Pudeator accused many of her accusers of lying. Pudeator was brought to trial on September 9 and executed on September 22, Like Bridget Bishop and many other witch trial victims, Wilmot Redd had also been accused of witchcraft before in She was an unpopular person around town because she often quarreled with others and had an abrasive personality.

Redd was accused of witchcraft in May of by the Salem Village afflicted girls and brought to Ingersoll Tavern in Salem Village for her examination. Redd was brought to trial in September and executed on September 22, Scott had seven children but only three survived childhood. After her husband died in , Scott was left destitute and forced to beg from her neighbors. This made her unpopular with her neighbors. A member of the Nelson family also sat on the grand jury that convicted her.

Scott was brought to trial on September 17 and executed on September 22, He was also a well known fortune-teller and practitioner of English folk magic. It is believed that his work in the occult led to his witchcraft accusation.

Wardwell was accused in September of and arrested and jailed in Salem. Shortly after, his wife and daughters were also arrested. During his examination, he admitted to fortune-telling and dabbling in magic and said that the devil may have taken advantage of him for these reasons. He then confessed to making a pact with the devil but later recanted his confession. Wardwell was brought to trial in mid-September and executed on September 22, Corey had a reputation for being a pious member of the community despite the well-known fact that she had a child out of wedlock in the s.

Martha Corey was also an outspoken critic of the Salem Witch Trials and stated many times that the afflicted girls were liars. When Giles Corey himself was accused of witchcraft and arrested in April, he refused to provide any more information on Martha or himself. Martha Corey was brought to trial on September 9 and executed on September 22, , just three days after Giles Corey had been tortured to death for refusing to enter a plea.

She lived in Topsfield and was considered a pious, well-respected member of the community. In April of , Mary Easty was accused of witchcraft, arrested but was then released in May. She was accused again, a few days after her release, and arrested.

She was examined and indicted on two charges of witchcraft. Easty was brought to trial on September 9 and executed on September 22, He had a reputation for being an angry, violent man and was once charged with murdering his farmhand in He was found guilty but only suffered a fine for his actions.

Many locals, including Thomas Putnam , suspected Corey had paid a bribe for his freedom. In April of , Giles Corey was accused of witchcraft after his wife, Martha Corey , had also been accused and arrested on the same charge.

Giles Corey refused to enter a plea in an attempt to prevent his case from going to trial. He reportedly knew he was going to die, either in jail or on the gallows, and wanted to avoid being convicted before he did. As a result, Giles Corey was tortured for three days in a field on Howard Street in Salem town in an attempt to force a plea out of him. He died on the third day of his torture on September 19, Elizabeth Proctor Brought to trial on August 5 and found guilty.

She was sentenced to death but the execution was delayed due to her pregnancy. She gave birth in January was released from prison in May, Abigail Faulkner, Sr Brought to trial on September 17 and found guilty.

She was released from prison in March, Mary Post Brought to trial in January, and found guilty. She was sentenced to death but pardoned by Governor Phips. Sarah Wardwell Brought to trial on January 10, and found guilty.

Elizabeth Johnson Jr Brought to trial in January, and found guilty. Dorcas Hoar Brought to trial on September 9, and found guilty. She was sentenced to death but never executed. Roger Toothaker Died in jail in Boston on June 16, John Alden Jr. Edward Bishop Jr. Other victims include two dogs who were shot or killed after being suspected of witchcraft.

Most of the Salem Witch Trials victims were women but men were accused and executed too. Although some of the early victims were poor social outcasts from Salem Village, the accusations slowly spread to all types of people from all types of backgrounds, according to the book Death in Salem: The Private Lives Behind the Witch Hunt :. Everyone knew that witchcraft was largely a female perversity, but the reasoning stopped there.

The over one hundred and fifty people singled out for social and legal ostracism over the course of included every age, social echelon, and background: rich and poor, young and old, feeble and sharp-witted. The logic seems to have been that physical contact with an actual witch would draw the evil spirits back out of the victim. The ulterior reasons for their persecution sometimes surfaced at the trial.

Often it was little more than a bad reputation or malicious gossip, repackaged and embroidered over decades. A human frailty or eccentricity might be trotted out as evidence.

Due to the large number of accused witches, the prisoners were kept in multiple jails in Salem, Ipswich and Boston.

According to the book, A Delusion of Satan: The Full Story of the Salem Witch Trials , the accused witches were considered dangerous prisoners and were kept in dungeons underneath the jails away from the regular prisoners:. These were perpetually dark, bitterly cold, and so damp that water ran down the walls. They reeked of unwashed human bodies and excrement. They enclosed as much agony as anywhere human beings could have lived.

The stone dungeons of Salem Town prison were discovered in the s in St. Certainly they were a breeding ground for disease…But accused witches were worse off than the other unfortunates [other prisoners. The dungeons forever changed people and the ones who were lucky enough to survive the prison or escape the gallows often suffered for the rest of their lives. Interior of the old dungeon, old witch jail, Salem, Mass, circa Such is the case with Dorcas Good, the four-year-old daughter of Sarah Good who was accused of witchcraft in March of and spent seven to eight months in jail before being released, according to the book The Salem Witch Trials Reader:.

While in prison, the accused were repeatedly humiliated by being forced to undergo physical examinations of their bodies. During the examinations the prisoners, who were mostly elderly, were stripped naked in front of a group of people and their bodies were poked and prodded and any suspicious marks or moles found were pricked with needles. Upham describes his disgust over this treatment of the prisoners:. The results of the examinations were reduced to written reports, going into details, and, among other evidences in the trials, spread before the court and jury.

There they were questioned by a judge in front of a jury, which decided whether or not to indict the accused on charges of witchcraft. The trials were then held in the Salem courthouse which was located in the center of Washington Street about feet south of Lynde Street, opposite of where the Masonic Temple now stands. This courthouse was torn down in but a plaque dedicated to the courthouse can still be seen today on the wall of the Masonic Temple on Washington Street.

The victims were hanged by the neck by a rope tied to a tree. Contrary to popular belief, none of the victims were burned at the stake.

The reason is because English law only allowed death by burning to be used against men who committed high treason and only after they had been hanged until almost dead, quartered and drawn. The English considered it an unacceptable death for women since it involved nudity.

Burning at the stake was more popular in countries with a strong Catholic church because it did not involve the shedding of blood, which was not allowed in the Roman Catholic doctrine, and it ensured that the victim would not have a body to take with them to the after life. Upham for the Peabody Historical Society in As convicted witches, they were not allowed a Christian burial in consecrated ground. Relatives of several victims: Rebecca Nurse, John Proctor and George Jacobs, reportedly retrieved the bodies of their loved one and gave them a Christian burial on the family property.

It is not known what happened to the unclaimed bodies, or if there were any unclaimed bodies, but if there are they are most likely still buried in shallow graves at the execution site. Almost immediately after the Salem Witch Trials came to an end, the residents of Salem began to feel ashamed of what happened during the witch hunt. They still believed in witches and the Devil, but they had doubts that so many people could have been guilty of the crime and they feared that many innocent people had been put to death.

The colony also been to suffer from frequent droughts, crop failures, smallpox outbreaks, Native-American attacks and other disasters and the colonists worried that the mistakes made during the Salem Witch Trials had angered God.

On December 17, , Governor Stoughton issued a proclamation in hopes of making amends with God. The proclamation suggested that there should be:. The colony held the day of prayer on January 15, , which was known as the Day of Official Humiliation. On October 17, , at the urging of the surviving convicted witches and their families, the colony passed a bill clearing some of the names of the convicted witches. Not every victim was named in the bill though because some families of the victims did not want their family member listed.

The bill states:. An act to remove the attainders of George Burroughs and others for Witchcraft. For as much in the year of Our Lord, one thousand six hundred and ninety-two several towns within the Province were infested with a horrible witchcraft or possessions of devils. The influence and energy of the evil spirit so great at that time acting in and upon those who were the principal accusers and witnesses proceeding so far as to cause a prosecution to be had of persons of known and good reputation which caused a great dissatisfaction and a stop to be put thereunto until their majesties pleasure should be known therein; and upon a representation thereof accordingly made, her late Majesty, Queen Mary, the Second of Blessed Memory, by her Royal letter given at her court at Whitehall the fifteenth of April, , was graciously pleased to approve the care and circumspection therein; and to will and require that in all proceedings against persons accused for witchcraft, or being possessed by the Devil, the greatest moderation and all due circumspection be used so far as the same may be without impediment to the ordinary course of justice.

And some of the principal accusers and witnesses in those dark and severe prosecutions have since discovered themselves to be persons of profligate and vicious conversations. Upon the humble petition and suit of several of said persons and of the children of others of them whose parents were executed. Be it declared and enacted by His Excellency, the Governor, Council and Representatives authority of the same, That the several convictions, in General Court assembled, and by the judgments and attainders against the said George Burroughs, John Proctor, George Jacobs, John Willard, Giles Corey, Martha Corey, Rebecca Nurse, Sarah Good, Elizabeth Howe, Mary Easty, Sarah Wildes, Abigail Hobbs,Samuel Wardwell, Mary Parker, Martha Carrier, Abigail Faulkner, Anne Foster, Rebecca Eames, Mary Post, Mary Lacey, Mary Bradbury, Dorcas Hoar, and any of them be and are hereby reversed made and declared to be null and void to all intents, constitutionalism and purposes whatsoever as if no such convictions, judgments and attainders had ever been had or given, and that no penalties or forfeitures of goods or chattels be by the said judgments and attainders or either of them had or incurred.

You changed into your pajamas, turn off the lights, and get yourself ready to sleep. How do you prefer to sleep, on the back, on your side, or on your tummy? Sleeping on your side , especially left side, is thought to have many benefits to your overall health. This sleeping position allows your organs to get rid of toxins, and help relief chronic lower back pain.

Now, this is a very common sleeping position, but incredibly painful to some people, as it causes lower back pain. If you already experience back pain, sleeping on your back will make it even worse. If you snore, it will increase that problem, too. Do you like to sleep on your tummy, but experience problems oftentimes? The position might not help you. It can tense your neck and your lower back.

But if this is how you like to sleep, you might consider using a very soft cooling pillow to keep your neck comfortable. This is a kind of a weird sleeping position, but very common.

Studies have shown that people who sleep like this may be quieter and more relaxed. Lying on your back with your arms tight to your body is actually a good sleeping position, as it helps maintain your spine in a straight line.

Starfish is when you lie on your back and sleep with your arms lifted up near your head. Sleeping in a starfish position may induce lower back pain, which interferes with your normal sleep. If you experience back pain, consider placing a pillow under your knees, so you can align the natural curve of your spine.

And there really is no better time to celebrate than by throwing the ultimate winter bash. From inviting your colleagues over for a post-work party to hosting a merry and festive get together with your friends or family for an all-day affair. There is already a lot going on this holiday season. From Christmas carols to skiing holidays, December tends to fill out fast for everyone.

But if you are able to throw the ultimate winter bash, you can rest assured that people will clear their diaries to be able to attend. So how do you go about actually throwing the ultimate winter bash? And most importantly, how do you ensure that everyone has a fabulous time?

While there is a lot that goes into party planning, it certainly does not have to be a stressful affair. In fact, you can nail down the ultimate winter bash with just a few simple party hacks.

Which is what we are here to help with. Because parties are meant to be fun, and the host should always be enjoying it the most. The date is a crucial part of the party planning puzzle that you will want to nail down upfront.

Because most people have very full calendars this time of year, you will want to try and pick a date that most of your guests will be able to RSVP to. So, while weekends are the dates that everyone wants to book, consider doing a less common day such as a Monday or a Tuesday.

That way you will get more people showing up and contributing to creating a great atmosphere. Do you want to go for a whimsical out of this world Christmas theme and transport guests to another world? Or do you want to go elegant and posh and make it more of a black-tie affair? Whatever direction you decide to go in, make sure to stick to that theme and ensure that all your decorations and decision making in general support it.

Consistency is key when it comes to getting the theming right for your ultimate winter holiday bash. The budget that you have for your party will ultimately dictate the direction of the type of food that you will be providing. But in general, you will want to have the logistics and menu nailed down at least a few days out in advance. If you are planning on doing a lot of the culinary preparation on your own, consider going for simple finger food menu items such as a cheese roll that simply needs to be placed in the oven or Caprese salads on a stick.

And if you are able to have a bit more room in the budget, definitely consider getting your event catered It will not only take away a ton of the stress but also ensure that guests are blown away by the food they are getting. Hangry guests can instantly kill any holiday party vibe, so avoid this happening at all costs by serving more food than necessary.

Oh, and on a final note when it comes to preparing food for your event, make sure that you check the dietary requirements of your guests in advance so you can cater to those specifically. Just as no one ever wants to be hungry at an event, you also do not want to have the alcohol dry up halfway through what is looking to be a promising night. A great trick for this is to always buy extra alcohol in advance, knowing that you can either return it after the party or keep it stocked up for another bash you throw in the new year.

While wines and beers are always an easy go-to, do not forget the other fan favorite spirits such as whiskey or mezcal. Whatever your bar menu shapes up to be, make it a goal of yours that no guest at your bash is ever without an empty glass in their hands. This one is also important for any party, large or small.

To avoid awkward silence and ensure that there is always at least a subtle buzz happening at your bash, pre-plan your music selection before the big evening.

A quick and easy way to do this is by setting up your Spotify account to a Bluetooth speaker. You can even pre-select playlists that have already been created for holiday parties. Or, consider surprising guests with classy jazz vinyl that brings back classics from James Dean or the Rat Pack. Of course, if the budget does allow, you can also bring in a DJ or live band to take care of all your musical needs.

To really get people into the mood of Christmas, make time for gift giving at your party. You can play traditional games like White Elephant or Secret Santa, asking guests to get involved and creative ahead of the party.

These games always bring out creative gifts, with everything from cat cbd to a Nintendo Switch being given out. You could also get creative with gifts that you give all the guests as well—such as a bespoke Christmas ornament or even a bottle of wine. But nothing quite makes a holiday party feel festive like the spirit of giving.

Once the alcohol gets flowing, it likely will not take long for the alcohol to get going amongst the guests. That is why you should pre-plan out the designated dance area and make sure there are hours worth of tunes so people can dance the night away. And this includes you too. As the host who has put so much time and effort into the event, you deserve to let loose on the dance floor and have a fabulous time.

Throwing the ultimate holiday bash is something that you can certainly achieve—on any budget! All it takes is a little bit of planning and time commitment and you will be able to go down in the books as a legendary party thrower.

Top things to keep in mind for creating a special bash is to ensure you have plenty of food and alcohol, have pre-planned the music and dance floor, have locked in a date that your guests can attend and decide how you will get your guests excited about the holidays though a gift-giving or exchange. And remember, the holidays are about spending time with the people you care about most.

Just invite the ones who you care about and care about you back—and it is sure to be a night to remember! Johnathan Yarrow is a successful defense attorney, until he takes on a personal case he cannot win.

Ruined by the loss and haunted by his past, Yarrow, a man who desired to see the good in all people, starts to learn that not everyone can be good The dream was so vivid, I felt it physically burn on my cheek. I wondered if the sting from the slap was worse simply because her eyes held no remorse, not an ounce of respect.

You had a chance, you were supposed to protect me! Demands, demands, demands. One right after the other. I cringed once, blinked twice, took in three deep breaths, and repeated that process four times.